Citation Guide

Quick reference for MLA, APA, and Chicago citation formats.

MLA (Modern Language Association)

9th Edition

In-Text Citations

Author + Page
(Smith 42)
Most common form
Author in sentence
Smith argues that "quote" (42).
When you mention the author by name
Two authors
(Smith and Jones 42)
Use "and" between authors
Three+ authors
(Smith et al. 42)
First author + et al.
No author
("Article Title" 42)
Use shortened title in quotes
No page number
(Smith)
For web sources without pages

Works Cited Entries

Alphabetize by author last name. Hanging indent. Double-spaced.

Book
Last, First. Title of Book. Publisher, Year.
Journal Article
Last, First. "Article Title." Journal Name, vol. X, no. X, Year, pp. XX-XX.
Website
Last, First. "Page Title." Website Name, Publisher, Day Month Year, URL.
Edited Book
Last, First, editor. Title of Book. Publisher, Year.